To answer your third question directly, because the settings screen is genuinely confusing and the labels do not mean what they look like.
Settings, then Apps, then the app, then the Siri & Search section. There are usually three switches:
- Learn from this App — feeds usage into suggestions. Turning it off does not hide the app.
- Show App in Search — whether the app itself is a search result. Off here and the app vanishes entirely, which is not your symptom.
- Show Content in Search — the app's own indexed items: a note, a conversation, a saved recipe.
The thing you are missing is not on this screen at all. There is no per-app switch for App Shortcuts. That is why toggling these has done nothing for anyone who tried it, and why every thread about this ends with somebody insisting it worked for them and nobody able to reproduce it.
So: check that Show App in Search is on, because it is worth ten seconds, and then stop looking at that screen.